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We extend the concept of two-way forest diagrams, introduced by Belk and Brown in 2003, to represent elements of as a pair of infinite, bounded -ary forests together with an order-preserving bijection of the leaves. This representation allows us to develop an alternative way to compute the length of an element of , distinct from the formula established by Fordham and Cleary in 2009. As an application of our length formula, we re-prove the existence of dead end elements in and show that their depth is always two, first proved by Wladis in 2009.

生成讲解博客的中文版本

生成AI智能校验的中文版本