A constructive proof of Orzech's theorem

Let $A$ be a commutative ring with unity, and $M$ a finitely generated $A$-module. In 1971, Morris Orzech showed that any surjective $A$-module homomorphism from a submodule of $M$ to $M$ must be an isomorphism. We give a constructive proof of this fact using the Cayley–Hamilton theorem.