Sabotage the Mantel Theorem

One of the earliest results in extremal graph theory, Mantel’s theorem, states that the maximum number of edges in a triangle-free graph $G$ on $n$ vertices is $\lfloor n^2\mathrm{/}4\rfloor$. We investigate how this extremal bound is affected when $G$ is additionally required to contain a prescribed graph $\mathbb{P}$ as a subgraph. We establish general upper and lower bounds for this problem, which are tight in the exponent for random triangle-free graphs and graphs generated by the triangle-free process, when the size of $\mathbb{P}$ lies within certain ranges.