A comparison study of collisions at relativistic energies involving light nuclei

We present extensive comparisons of ${}^{16}$O+${}^{16}$O collisions at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV and ${}^{208}$Pb+${}^{16}$O collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=68.5$ GeV as well as ${}^{20}$Ne+${}^{20}$Ne collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV and ${}^{208}$Pb+${}^{20}$Ne collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=68.5$ GeV based on a multiphase transport (AMPT) model. We recommend measuring the ratio of the elliptic flow to the triangular flow, which shows appreciable sensitivity to the structure of light nuclei as also found in other studies. This is especially so if the observable is measured near the target rapidity in ${}^{208}$Pb+${}^{16}$O or ${}^{208}$Pb+${}^{20}$Ne collisions, as originally found in the present study. Our study serves as a useful reference for understanding the structure effect on observables in collisions involving light nuclei under analysis or on the schedule.