Plenitudinous Urelements and the Definability of Cardinality

The Axiom of Plenitude asserts that every ordinal is equinumerous with a set of urelements, while its stronger form, Plenitude${}^{+}$, extends it to all sets. We investigate these two axioms within ZF set theory with urelements. Assuming that cardinality is definable, Plenitude${}^{+}$ together with the Collection Principle implies the Reflection Principle. If either cardinality is representable or Small Violations of Choice (SVC) holds, Plenitude${}^{+}$ implies the Reflection Principle. In contrast, Plenitude is considerably weaker: SVC + Plenitude does not prove the Collection Principle, and SVC + Plenitude + Reflection Principle does not prove Plenitude${}^{+}$.