Factorizations of linearized polynomials and extremal curves in odd characteristic

We give a complete recipe for constructing extremal van der Geer–van der Vlugt curves over finite fields of odd characteristic. The input data consist of a nonzero element of the base field together with a linear subspace satisfying a certain trace condition. This construction may be viewed as an odd-characteristic analogue of the one previously obtained by the authors in characteristic two.