Non-refunding of VAT to soybean exporters or economic impact of Soybean amendments

Exempting soybean and rapeseed exporters from VAT has a negative effect on the economy of $\mathrm{\$}$44.5-60.5 million per year. The implemented policy aimed to increase the processing of soybeans and rapeseed by Ukrainian plants. As a result, the processors received $\mathrm{\$}$26 million and the state budget gained $\mathrm{\$}$2-18 million. However, soybean farmers, mostly small and medium-sized, received $ 88.5 million in losses, far outweighing the benefits of processors and the state budget.