On the component group of the algebraic monodromy group of a $K3$ surface

We provide a lower bound for the number of components of the algebraic monodromy group in the situation of a $K3$ surface over a number field $k$. In the CM case, our bound is sharp. As an application, we describe, in the case of CM, the jump character \cite[Definition~2.4.6]{CEJ} entirely in terms of the endomorphism field and the geometric Picard rank.