Universal degeneration of Riemann surfaces and fibered complex surfaces

Based on Teichmüller theory, we construct a degenerating family ${\bar{Y}}_g^{orb}\to {\bar{M}}_g^{orb}$ over the Deligne-Mumford compactification of the moduli space with the natural orbifold structure such that any fibered complex surface admitting unstable fibers can be pulled back from this family.