Pinned planar p-elasticae

Building on our previous work, we classify all planar $p$-elasticae under the pinned boundary condition, and then obtain uniqueness and geometric properties of global minimizers. As an application we establish a Li–Yau type inequality for the $p$-bending energy, and in particular discover a unique exponent $p\simeq 1.5728$ for full optimality. We also prove existence of minimal $p$-elastic networks, extending a recent result of Dall’Acqua–Novaga–Pluda.