Existence and Stability of $\alpha -$ harmonic Maps

In this paper, we first study the $\alpha -$energy functional, Euler-Lagrange operator and $\alpha$-stress energy tensor. Second, it is shown that the critical points of $\alpha -$ energy functional are explicitly related to harmonic maps through conformal deformation. In addition, an $\alpha -$harmonic map is constructed from any smooth map between Riemannian manifolds under certain assumptions. Next, we determine the conditions under which the fibers of horizontally conformal $\alpha -$ harmonic maps are minimal submanifolds. Then, the stability of any $\alpha -$harmonic map from a Riemannian manifold to a Riemannian manifold with non-positive Riemannian curvature is demonstrated. Finally, the instability of $\alpha -$harmonic maps from a compact manifold to a standard unit sphere is investigated.