Besov and Paley-Wiener spaces, Moduli of continuity and Hardy-Steklov operators associated with the group $\mathrm{"}ax+b\mathrm{"}$

We introduce and describe relations between Sobolev, Besov and Paley-Wiener spaces associated with three representations of the Lie group of affine transformations of the line. These representations are left and right regular representations and a representation in a space of functions defined on the half-line. The Besov spaces are described as interpolation spaces between respective Sobolev spaces in terms of the Petree’s real interpolation method and in terms of a relevant moduli of continuity. By using a Laplace operators associated with these representations a scales of relevant Paley-Wiener spaces are developed and a corresponding $L_2$-approximation theory is constructed in which our Besov spaces appear as approximation spaces. Another description of our Besov spaces is given in terms of a frequency-localized Hilbert frames. A Jackson-type inequalities are also proven.