Modelling and calibration of pair-rule protein patterns in Drosophila embryo: From Even-skipped and Fushi-tarazu to Wingless expression networks

We modelled and calibrated the distributions of the seven-stripe patterns of Even-skipped ($\mathit{\text{Eve}}$) and Fushi-tarazu ($\mathit{\text{Ftz}}$) pair-rule proteins along the anteroposterior axis of the $\mathit{\text{Drosphila}}$ embryo, established during early development. We have identified the putative repressive combinations for five $\mathit{\text{Eve}}$ enhancers, and we have explored the relationship between $\mathit{\text{Eve}}$ and $\mathit{\text{Ftz}}$ for complementary patterns. The regulators of $\mathit{\text{Eve}}$ and $\mathit{\text{Ftz}}$ are stripe-specific DNA enhancers with embryo position-dependent activation rates and are regulated by the gap family of proteins. We achieved remarkable data matching of the $\mathit{\text{Eve}}$ stripe pattern, and the calibrated model reproduces gap gene mutation experiments. Extended work inferring the Wingless ($\mathit{\text{Wg}}$) fourteen stripe pattern from $\mathit{\text{Eve}}$ and $\mathit{\text{Ftz}}$ enhancers have been proposed, clarifying the hierarchical structure of $\mathit{\text{Drosphila}}$'s genetic expression network during early development.