Reflection Measurement of the Scattering Mean Free Path at the Onset of Multiple Scattering

Multiple scattering of waves presents challenges for imaging complex media but offers potential for their characterization. Its onset is actually governed by the scattering mean free path ${\mathrm{\ell }}_s$ that provides crucial information on the medium micro-architecture. Here, we introduce a reflection matrix method designed to estimate this parameter from the time decay of the single scattering rate. Our method is first validated by an ultrasound experiment on a tissue-mimicking phantom before being applied in-vivo to a human liver. This study opens important perspectives for quantitative imaging of heterogeneous media with waves, whether it be for non-destructive testing, biomedical or geophysical applications.