Generalised Dirac-Schrödinger operators and the Callias Theorem

We consider generalised Dirac–Schrödinger operators, consisting of a self-adjoint elliptic first-order differential operator D with a skew-adjoint ‘potential’ given by a (suitable) family of unbounded operators. The index of such an operator represents the pairing (Kasparov product) of the K-theory class of the potential with the K-homology class of D. Our main result in this paper is a generalisation of the Callias Theorem: the index of the Dirac–Schrödinger operator can be computed on a suitable compact hypersurface. Our theorem simultaneously generalises (and is inspired by) the well-known result that the spectral flow of a path of relatively compact perturbations depends only on the endpoints.