Positive scalar curvature metrics and aspherical summands

We prove for $n\in \{3,4,5\}$ that the connected sum of a closed aspherical $n$-manifold with an arbitrary non-compact manifold does not admit a complete metric with nonnegative scalar curvature. In particular, a special case of our result answers a question of Gromov. More generally, we generalize the partial classification result of Chodosh, Li, and Liokumovich to the non-compact domination case with our newly-developed technique. Our result unifies all previous results of this type, and confirms the validity of Gromov’s non-compact domination conjecture for closed aspherical manifolds of dimensions 3, 4, and 5.