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We establish two characterizations of an algebraic group scheme over . Geometrically, the scheme is a stabilizer of an explicitly given invariant form or, generally, an invariant ideal of forms. Algebraically, is isomorphic (as a scheme over ) to a normalizer of the elementary subgroup functor and a normalizer of the subscheme . Our immediate goal is to apply both descriptions in the “sandwich classification” of overgroups of the elementary subgroup. Additionally, the results can be seen as a solution of the linear preserver problem for algebraic group schemes over , providing a more functorial description that goes beyond geometry of the classical case over fields.

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