On the Petrov Type of a 4-manifold

On an oriented 4-manifold, we examine the geometry that arises when the curvature operator of a Riemannian or Lorentzian metric $g$ commutes, not with its own Hodge star operator, but rather with that of another semi-Riemannian metric $h$ that is a suitable deformation of $g$. We classify the case when one of these metrics is Riemannian and the other Lorentzian by generalizing the concept of Petrov Type from general relativity; the case when $h$ is split-signature is also examined. The “generalized Petrov Types” so obtained are shown to relate to the critical points of $g$’s sectional curvature, and sometimes yield unique normal forms. They also carry topological information independent of the Hitchin-Thorpe inequality, and yield a direct geometric formulation of “almost-Einsten” metric via the Ricci or sectional curvature of $g$.