The Formation of Thermals on the Ground

The measurement data from the boundary layer measurement masts in Hamburg-Billwerder (Germany) and Hyytiala (Finland) make thermals visible. For this, the temperature and humidity data must first be transformed to be independent of altitude. The subsequent visualisation of this data shows an impressive cross-section of the lower atmosphere with individual updrafts, but also with air bubbles detaching from the ground or falling from higher altitudes.