Novel and Updated Bounds on Flavor-Violating Z Interactions in the Quark Sector

We derive bounds on the flavor-violating (FV) couplings of the $Z$ boson to quarks and present future sensitivity projections. Our analysis shows that the current bounds on the FV couplings are $\mathcal{O}({10}^{-9})$ for the $Z$ couplings to $cu$ and $sd$, $\mathcal{O}({10}^{-7})$ for $bd$, $\mathcal{O}({10}^{-6})$ for $bs$, and $\mathcal{O}({10}^{-3})$ for $tu$ and $tc$. Overall, low-energy flavor experiments provide significantly stronger constraints on these FV couplings than current collider searches.