Flavor Violations in $B$-Mesons within Non-Minimal SU(5)

Recent anomalies in $B$-meson decays, such as deviations in $R_{D^{(\ast )}}$ and $B\to K\nu \bar{\nu }$, suggest possible lepton flavor universality violation and new exotic interactions. In this work, we explore these anomalies within a non-minimal SU(5) grand unified theory (GUT) framework, which introduces a 45-dimensional Higgs representation predicting exotic scalar particles, including the leptoquark $R_2$ and diquark $S_6$. The $R_2$ leptoquark addresses charged current anomalies in $b\to c\tau \nu$ transitions, the $S_6$ diquark contributes to nonleptonic neutral current processes, such as $B\to K\pi$, while at the loop level, the exchange of a leptoquark and diquark contributes to $B\to K\nu \bar{\nu }$ offering solutions to longstanding puzzles.