We denote a path on vertices as and a cycle on vertices as . For two vertex-disjoint graphs and , the {\em union} is the graph with and . A {\em diamond} (resp. {\em gem}) is a graph consisting of a (resp. ) and a new vertex adjacent to all vertices of the (resp. ), and a {\em butterfly} is a graph consisting of two triangles that share one vertex. In this paper, we show that if is a (, gem)-free graph, if is a (, butterfly)-free graph. We also study the class of (, diamond)-free graphs, and show that, for such a graph , if , if , if , and if . Moreover, we prove that is perfect if is (, diamond, )-free with .

生成讲解博客的中文版本

生成AI智能校验的中文版本