A Space-Time Discontinuous Petrov-Galerkin Finite Element Formulation for a Modified Schrödinger Equation for Laser Pulse Propagation in Waveguides

In this article, we propose a modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation for modeling pulse propagation in optical waveguides. The proposed model bifurcates into a system of elliptic and hyperbolic equations depending on waveguide parameters. The proposed model leads to a stable first-order system of equations, distinguishing itself from the canonical nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We have employed the space-time discontinuous Petrov-Galerkin finite element method to discretize the first-order system of equations. We present a stability analysis for both the elliptic and hyperbolic systems of equations and demonstrate the stability of the proposed model through several numerical examples on space-time meshes.