Chebyshev polynomials in the complex plane and on the real line

We present a survey of central developments in the theory of Chebyshev polynomials, introduced by P.~L.~Chebyshev and later extended to the complex plane by G.~Faber. Our primary focus is their defining extremal property: among all polynomials with a prescribed leading coefficient, they minimize the supremum norm on a given compact set. Although we do not present new results, we provide – in selected cases – new proofs of known theorems and compile a collection of open problems.