Mixing Douglas' and weak majorization and factorization theorems

The Douglas’ majorization and factorization theorem characterizes the inclusion of operator ranges in Hilbert spaces. Notably, it reinforces the well-established connections between the inclusion of kernels of operators in Hilbert spaces and the (inverse) inclusion of the closures of the ranges of their adjoints. This note aims to present a ‘‘mixed’’ version of these concepts for operators with a codomain in a product space. Additionally, an application in control theory of coupled systems of linear partial differential equations is presented.