Double Parton Scattering Effect on the Measurement of $W$-Boson Mass

Double parton scattering (DPS) corresponds to events where two parton-parton scatterings occur in a single hadron-hadron collision. The DPS effects may arise from the spectator scatterings that are somewhat related to soft QCD activities. In this work, we investigate the DPS effects on the $W$-boson mass measurements. Especially, our analysis reveals that the DPS events contribute additional missing transverse momenta from spectator scatterings as well as relevant inclusive cross sections, potentially altering the distribution of total missing transverse momenta. Consequently, the DPS effects have the potential to cause an increase in the measured $W$-boson mass by the CDF detector, which helps to understand the deviation of the CDF-II measurements from other measurements and the predicted value in the Standard Model.