Influence of Lower-Order Terms on the Convergence Rates in Stochastic Homogenization of Elliptic Equations

In this study, we investigate the convergence rates for the homogenization of elliptic equations with lower-order terms under the spectral gap assumption, in both bounded domains and the entire space. Our analysis demonstrates that lower-order terms significantly affect the convergence rate, particularly in the full space, where the rate changes from $O(\epsilon )$ (observed without lower-order terms) to $O({\epsilon }^{d\mathrm{/}(d+2)})$ due to their influence. In contrast, in bounded domains, the convergence rate remains $O({\epsilon }^{1\mathrm{/}2})$, as boundary conditions exert a stronger influence than the lower-order terms. To manage the complexities introduced by lower-order terms, we developed a novel technique that localizes the analysis within small grids, enabling the application of the Poincaré inequality for effective estimates. This work builds upon existing frameworks, offering a refined approach to quantitative homogenization with lower-order terms.