In-situ observations of the three-dimensional energy cascade rate and Yaglom flux in the Earth's magnetosheath

Measuring the energy cascade rate in space plasmas is a challenging task for several reasons. This quantity is (i) inherently three-dimensional (ii) scale-dependent, (iii) anisotropic in the interplanetary plasma, and (iv) requires measurements of plasma parameters in at least four points. Here, we show how three of such problems have been addressed by applying the novel Lag Polyhedra Derivative Ensemble (LPDE) technique to the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission in the Earth’s magnetosheath.