Quantum Interferometry in ${\rho }^0$ Production in Ultra-Peripheral Heavy Ion Collisions

In ${\rho }^0$ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions, either ion can be the photon emitter or the target. The two possibilities are indistinguishable, and they should be able to interfere, reducing $rh{o}^0$ production at low transverse momentum, $p_T<\mathrm{\hslash }\mathrm{/}<b>$, where $<b>$ is the median impact parameter. The two ${\rho }^0$ production points are separated by $<b>\approx 18-46$ fm, while the ${\rho }^0$ decay before travelling 1 fm. The two decay points are well separated in space-time, so the decays proceed independently and any interference must involve the final state ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$. This requires a non-local wave function.