We start studying chiral algebras (as defined by A. Beilinson and V. Drinfeld) from the point of view of deformation theory. First, we define the notion of deformation of a chiral algebra on a smooth curve over a bundle of local artinian commutative algebras on equipped with a flat connection (whereas `usual’ algebraic structures are deformed over a local artinian algebra) and we show that such deformations are controlled by a certain *-Lie algebra . Then we try to contemplate a possible additional structure on and we conjecture that this structure up to homotopy is a chiral analogue of Gerstenhaber algebra, i.e. a coisson algebra with odd coisson bracket (in the terminology of Beilinson-Drinfeld). Finally, we discuss possible applications of this structure to the problem of quantization of coisson algebras.

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