Dynamics of Supersymmetric SU(n_c) and USp(2n_c) Gauge Theories

We study dynamical flavor symmetry breaking in the context of a class of N=1 supersymmetric SU(n_c) and USp(2 n_c) gauge theories, constructed from the exactly solvable N=2 theories by perturbing them with small adjoint and generic bare hypermultiplet (quark) masses. We find that the flavor U(n_{f}) symmetry in SU(n_{c}) theories is dynamically broken to $U(r)\times U(n_f-r)$ groups for $n_f\le n_c$. In the r=1 case the dynamical symmetry breaking is caused by the condensation of monopoles in the $\underset{‾}{n_f}$ representation. For general r, however, the monopoles in the $\underset{‾}{{}_{n_f}{C}_r}$ representation, whose condensation could explain the flavor symmetry breaking but would produce too-many Nambu–Goldstone multiplets, actually break up'' into magnetic quarks’’ which condense and induce confinement and the symmetry breaking. In USp(2n_c) theories with $n_f\le n_c+1$, the flavor SO(2n_f) symmetry is dynamically broken to U(n_f), but with no description in terms of a weakly coupled local field theory. In both SU(n_c) and USp(2 n_c) theories, with larger numbers of quark flavors, besides the vacua with these properties, there exist also vacua with no flavor symmetry breaking.