Structure of the $\sigma$-meson and diamagnetism of the nucleon

The structure of the $\sigma$ meson and the diamagnetism of the nucleon are shown to be topics which are closely related to each other. Arguments are found that the $\sigma$ meson couples to two photons via its non-strange $q\bar{q}$ structure component. This ansatz leads to a quantitative explanation of the $t$-channel component of the difference of electromagnetic polarizabilities, (\alpha-\beta)^t$, containing the diamagnetism of the nucleon. The prediction is $(\alpha-\beta)^t_{p,n}=(5\alpha_e g_{\pi MM})/(6\pi^2 m^2_\sigma f_\pi)=15.3$inunitsof$10^{-4}{\rm fm}^3$ to be compared with the experimental value $(\alpha -\beta {)}_p^t=15.1\pm 1.3$ for the proton and $(\alpha -\beta {)}_n^t=14.8\pm 2.7$ for the neutron. The equivalent approach to exploit the $\pi \pi$ structure component of the $\sigma$ meson via the BEFT sum rule leads to $(\alpha -\beta {)}_{p,n}^t=14\pm 2$, what also is in agreement with the experimental results.