Harada's conjecture II and Gramian determinants

Let $G$ be a finite group. Harada’s conjecture II states that the ratio of the product of all the number of elements in conjugacy classes over that of all degrees of irreducible complex characters of $G$ is an integer. The ratio is called Harada’s number. In this article, we discuss the Harada’s number from the view point of Gramian determinants for suitable inner spaces and introduce an invariants generalizing the square of Harada’s number associated to central characters of $G$. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition so that Harada’s conjecture II holds. We calculate explicitly Harada’s numbers in some examples by using the method given in this article.