Penguins in B decays

We report on recent progress in studying two aspects of $B$ physics, in which penguin amplitudes play an important role: (1) Bounds on penguin pollution in $B^0(t)\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ constraining CKM parameters, and a lower bound on $B^0 \to \pi^0\pi^0$improvingprecisionin$\sin 2\alpha$. (2) A suggestion for measuring the photon polarization in electroweak penguin decay, $B \to K_1(1400)\gamma$, providing a precision test of the Standard Model and a probe for new physics.