Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystal-Based Silicon Photonic Modulator Demonstrated at 102 Gbit/s PAM-4

We present the first demonstration of a hybrid integrated silicon and ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal modulator achieving 102~Gbit per second PAM-4 modulation. Operating within the C-band at a 3.5 V DC bias, this Pockels-based Mach-Zehnder modulator exhibits a $V_{\pi }{L}_{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{C}}$ of 0.3 V$\cdot$cm.