On the problem of equation of state for the $\mathrm{\Lambda }$ - field

Recently found accelarated expansion of our Universe is due to the presence of a new kind of matter called “$\mathrm{\Lambda }$ - field” or quintessence. The limitations on its equation of state are found from the fact of its unclustering at all scales much smaller than the cosmological horizon. It is discussed how these limitations affect on the possibility to approximate the accelarated expansion by such cosmological models as the model of Chaplygin gas.