Dynamics of Kinks: Nucleation, Diffusion and Annihilation

We investigate the nucleation, annihilation, and dynamics of kinks in a classical (1+1)-dimensional Phi^4 field theory at finite temperature. From large scale Langevin simulations, we establish that the nucleation rate is proportional to the square of the equilibrium density of kinks. We identify two annihilation time scales: one due to kink-antikink pair recombination after nucleation, the other from non-recombinant annihilation. We introduce a mesoscopic model of diffusing kinks based on paired'' and survivor’’ kinks/antikinks. Analytical predictions for the dynamical time scales, as well as the corresponding length scales, are in good agreement with the simulations.