On the Helix-Coil transition in grafted chains

The helix-coil transition is modified by grafting to a surface. This modification is studied for short peptides capable of forming $\alpha$-helices. Three factors are involved: (i) the grafting can induced change of the boundary free energy of the helical domain (ii) the van der Waals attraction between the helices and (iii) the crowding induced stretching of the coils. As a result the helix-coil transition acquires ``all or nothing’’ characteristics. In addition the transition temperature is elevated and the transition itself sharpens as the grafting density increases.