Effect of a Normal-State Pseudogap on Optical Conductivity in Underdoped Cuprate Superconductors

We calculate the c-axis infrared conductivity ${\sigma }_c(\omega )$ in underdoped cuprate superconductors for spinfluctuation exchange scattering within the CuO${}_2$-planes including a phenomenological d-wave pseudogap of amplitude $E_g$. For temperatures decreasing below a temperature $T^* \sim E_g/2$,agapfor$\omega < 2E_g$developsin$\sigma_c(\omega)$ in the incoherent (diffuse) transmission limit. The resistivity shows ‘semiconducting’ behavior, i.e. it increases for low temperatures above the constant behavior for $E_g=0$. We find that the pseudogap structure in the in-plane optical conductivity is about twice as big as in the interplane conductivity ${\sigma }_c(\omega )$, in qualitative agreement with experiment. This is a consequence of the fact that the spinfluctuation exchange interaction is suppressed at low frequencies as a result of the opening of the pseudogap. While the c-axis conductivity in the underdoped regime is described best by incoherent transmission, in the overdoped regime coherent conductance gives a better description.