Efficient Autoregressive Audio Modeling via Next-Scale Prediction

Audio generation has achieved remarkable progress with the advance of sophisticated generative models, such as diffusion models (DMs) and autoregressive (AR) models. However, due to the naturally significant sequence length of audio, the efficiency of audio generation remains an essential issue to be addressed, especially for AR models that are incorporated in large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we analyze the token length of audio tokenization and propose a novel $\mathbf{\text{S}}$cale-level $\mathbf{\text{A}}$udio $\mathbf{\text{T}}$okenizer (SAT), with improved residual quantization. Based on SAT, a scale-level $\mathbf{\text{A}}$coustic $\mathbf{\text{A}}$uto$\mathbf{\text{R}}$egressive (AAR) modeling framework is further proposed, which shifts the next-token AR prediction to next-scale AR prediction, significantly reducing the training cost and inference time. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we comprehensively analyze design choices and demonstrate the proposed AAR framework achieves a remarkable $\mathbf{\text{35}}$$\times$ faster inference speed and +$\mathbf{\text{1.33}}$ Fréchet Audio Distance (FAD) against baselines on the AudioSet benchmark. Code: \url{https://github.com/qiuk2/AAR}.