Fluorescent emission and nondestructive 3D textural imaging in geologic materials by multiphoton microscopy

We greatly expand the application of multiphoton microscopy to geological investigations by using a tightly focused femtosecond laser beam to excite fluorescent emissions among minimally prepared rock and mineral samples. This new finding provides a tool for spatially resolving UV-visible fluorescent sources in minerals. Using a unique combination of harmonic generation and fluorescence, we explore applications to mineralogical investigations of terrestrial rocks and astromaterials. We report first-order demonstrations for 3D imaging of fluid inclusions in minerals and radiation-induced luminescence in meteorites. Nonlinear optical mineralogy, enabled by multiphoton microscopy, provides unique insights in mineralogic samples and holds the potential to revolutionize the analysis of geologic and astromaterials samples in the coming years.