Dimensional Crossover of Vortex Dynamics Induced by Gd Substitution on Bi2212 Single Crystals

The vortex dynamics of Bi${}_2$Sr${}_2$Ca${}_{1-x}$Gd${}_x$Cu${}_2$O${}_{8+\delta }$ single crystals is investigated by magnetic relaxation and hysteresis measurements. By substituting $Ca$ with $Gd$, it is found that the interlayer Josephson coupling is weakened and the anisotropy is increased, which leads to the change of vortex dynamics from 3D elastic to 2D plastic vortex creep. Moreover, the second magnetization peak, which can be observed in samples near the optimal doping, is absent in the strongly underdoped (with 2D vortex) region.