Large sample-to-sample fluctuations of the nonequilibrium critical current through mesoscopic Josephson junctions

We present a theory for the nonequilibrium current in a mesoscopic Josephson junction which is coupled to a normal electron reservoir, and apply it to a chaotic junction. Large sample-to-sample fluctuations of the critical current $I_{\mathrm{c}}$ are found, with $rms{I}_{\mathrm{c}}\simeq \sqrt{N}e\mathrm{\Delta }\mathrm{/}\mathrm{\hslash }$, when the voltage difference eV between the electron reservoir and the junction exceeds the superconducting gap $\mathrm{\Delta }$ and the number of modes N connecting the junction to the superconducting electrodes is large.