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A modified Friedmann equation which arises in an extension of general relativity which accommodates a time-dependent fundamental length leads to cosmological models where the scale factor diverges with an essential singularity at a finite future time. Such models have no dark energy in the conventional sense of energy possessing a truly simple pressure-energy relationship. Data on supernovae restrict the time from the present until the Rip to be generically longer than the current age of the Universe.

生成讲解博客的中文版本

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