Introductory Overview of Modern Cosmology

A basic modern picture of the universe is given here. The lectures start from the historical ideas of a static universe. Then I move on to Newtonian cosmology and derive the main cosmological equations in the framework of Newtonian mechanics for the sake of simplicity. With a qualitative description of general relativity, the expansion of the universe and elementary idea of the hot Big Bang models are introduced. The problems of the hot Big Bang, inflation and structure formation are explained here in simple language.