On the range of the planar $X$-ray transform on the Fourier lattice of the torus

We find necessary and sufficient conditions on the Fourier coefficients of a function $g$ on the torus to be in the range of the $X$-ray transform of functions with compact support in the plane, and establish the connection between the range characterization based on the Bukhgeim-Hilbert transform and the classical Gelfand-Graev, Helgason, and Ludwig characterization.