We study the quantum structure of four-dimensional superfield sigma-model formulated in harmonic superspace in terms of the omega-hypermultiplet superfield . The model is described by harmonic superfield sigma-model metric and two potential-like superfields and . In bosonic component sector this model describes some hyper-K"{a}hler manifold. The manifestly supersymmetric covariant background-quantum splitting is constructed and the superfield proper-time technique is developed to calculate the one-loop effective action. The one-loop divergences of the superfield effective action are found for arbitrary $g_{ab}(\omega), L^{++}_{a}(\omega), L^{(+4)}(\omega)$, where some specific analogy between the algebra of covariant derivatives in the sigma-model and the corresponding algebra in the ${\cal N}=2$ SYM theory is used. The component structure of divergences in the bosonic sector is discussed.

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