Decarbonizing Mongolia's Energy Sector: A Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Energy Solutions

To achieve carbon neutrality and enhance energy security, Mongolia is exploring a transition toward hybrid energy solutions integrating small modular reactors (SMRs) and renewable energy sources. This study assesses the feasibility of a grid-connected hybrid energy system that combines coal, solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and SMRs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy reliability.