Cooperative Sensing with Impurities in a Two-Dimensional Subwavelength Array

We propose a versatile quantum sensing protocol based on two dissipatively coupled distant atoms embedded as impurities in a two-dimensional sub-wavelength atomic array. The array acts as a waveguide for the emitter light, creating cooperative enhancement that allows for more efficient population transfer. By monitoring the population of one of the impurity atoms, it is possible to detect frequency shifts in the emitters’ resonance frequencies. We analytically estimate achievable sensitivities as well as the dependence on various system parameters. The proposed protocol is robust against various environmental factors and perturbations, which enhances its applicability in real-world scenarios.