Maximizing the first eigenvalue of the Jacobi operator

We consider the Jacobi operator, defined on a closed oriented hypersurfaces immersed in the Euclidean space with the same volume of the unit sphere. We show a local generalization for the classical result of the Willmore functional for the Euclidean sphere. As a consequence, we prove that the first eigenvalue of the Jacobi operator in the Euclidean sphere is a local maximum and this result is a global one in the closed oriented surfaces space of ${\mathbb{R}}^3$ and genus zero.